Calculating-machine.



No. 804,463. PATENTED NOV. 14, 1905. H. E. GOLDBERG.

CALCULATING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 24. 1905.

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UNITED STATES PATENT QFFICE.

CALCULATING-MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 14, 1905.

Application filed July 24, 1905. Serial No. 271,058.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, HYMAN ELI GOLDBERG, a citizen of the United States,residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of lllinois, haveinvented a certain new and useful Improvement in (.lalculating-Machines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to the actuating devices of calculating-machines;and it consists more especially in improvements in connection with thedigit-pieces shown and described in Patent No. 782,55 1, issued to meFebruary 14:, 1905.

The objects of the present invention are, first, to prevent accidentalshifting of the digitpiece and, second, to provide means for compellingthe completion of the upstroke of the key.

I attain my objects by the mechanism illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings, in which Figure 1 is a plan view of a number of digitpiecesand their connections embodying the invention. Fig. 2 is a transverseView, partly in section, looking in the direction of the arrows on line2 2, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a development of the peripheral surfaces of adigitpiece, showing how the same would look if laid out flat.

Similar numerals refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

The keys 1 are connected to the drivingsectors 2 by the links 3 or othersuitable means. Said sectors are laterally stationary and independentlyrotatable upon the shaft 4:,

which is secured in the machine-framework 5. The driving-sectors areadapted to mesh with the gears 6, which constitute a part of thedigit-pieces. The faces of each of said gears 6 are wide enough so thatnotwithstanding its shifting it always remains in mesh with sectors 2.The digit-pieces are independently rotatable and independently shiftableupon the shaft 7 which is secured in the machineframework 5.

Each digit-piece has a toothed portion 8, which may be termed adigit-sector, the number of teeth in each case depending upon the valueof the key by which it is actuated. Each of said digit-sectors isdesigned to mesh during its positive stroke with one of thedigit-pinions 9, rigidly fixed on the shaft 10. Said shaft is journaledin the machine-frame and may be termed a universal member because all ofthe digit-pieces are operative upon it. It has always a definite amountof rotation, depending upon which figure-key is at the time beingdriving it.

In order that the universal shaft 10 may rotate always one way andremain still during the return rotation of the oscillating digitpieceswhich rotate back and forth, means are provided for shifting thedigit-pieces so that the digit-sectors will during their forward orpositive rotation be in line with the digitpinions 9 to rotate thelatter, but will during their return rotation be out of line with saidpinions. This shift is accomplished by means of the two cam-surfaces 11and 12 of the digit-piece, which cam-surfaces act upon the pins 13,fixed in tho machine-frame. The cam 11 shifts the digit-pieces so as tobring the digit sectors out of line with the digitpinions and maytherefore be termed the outshifting-cam, and the cam 12 shifts the digitpieces, so as to bring the digit-sectors back into line prior to thenext positive stroke, and may therefore be termed the inshiftingcam. Itis obvious that in order to give time for the digit-sector to completeits idle return movement after it has been shifted out of line the cams11 and 12 must be located at some distance apart, and in the meantimethe digitpiece must not shift sidewise. In the form of digit-piece shownin the above-mentioned patent no special means is shown for positivelypreventing such accidental shifting, the supposition being that as thereis nothing in the mechanism to create a tendency for the digit-piece toshift prematurely such shifting would be prevented by mere inertia andthe friction of the digit-piece upon its contacting members. As a matterof fact, except in rare cases, no premature or accidental shifting doesoccur; but in the present construction it is positively prevented by thedividing rib or wall 14,, which is rigidly formed on the digitpiccebetween the two paths which the pin 13 traverses as the digit-piecerotates past it. In the preferred construction two peripheral walls 15and 16 are also provided on the digitpiece for cooperating with the cams11 and 12 and wall 14 in controlling the lateral position of thedigit-piece upon the shaft. The function of the walls 15 and 16,however, is largely to prevent excess shifting, and it is obvious thatthis limiting of the shift may be obtained by stationary stops in avariety of ways.

In the correct operation of the mechanism a digit piece during itsreturn rotation is now active, so that as far as anything thus fardescribed is concerned another digit-piece might commence to operatebefore the previous one had completely finished its return movement; butin order that the calculating parts may operate properly it is necessarythat a digit-piece should sufficientl y complete its return rotation,and as this return rotation occurs during the upstroke of the key thekey must sufliciently complete its upstroke. It has been found inpractice that in calculating numbers wherein digits are repeatede. g. u888 or 775some operators are in the habit of not removing their fingerfrom the key, and consequently not permitting the digitpiece to return asufiicient amount before again depressing the key. This results inerrors; and in order to compel the operator to permit the key to risesufficiently mechanism is provided for preventing a second depressionuntil the first upstroke is completed. For this purpose the digit-piecesare provided with ratchetteeth 17, adapted to be engaged by the dogs 18.Each dog is pivotally mounted upon a fixed pivot, in the presentinstance shaft 4:, and is laterally non-shiftable, so that the shiftingof a digit-piece brings the ratchet thereof into and out of line withsaid dog.

To illustrate the operation of the parts, take the example illustratedin the drawings, in which the downward motion of the key will cause ananticlockwise rotation of the digitpiece. It is during this period thatthe digitsector acts upon the respective digit-pinion 9, the digit-piecelies at the left, and the ratchet is out of line with the pawl 18. Afterthe digit-pinion has its rotation completed by the digit-sector the cam12 comes into play and causes the digit-piece to be shifted to theright. This brings the path at the left side of wall lt into line withpin 13 for the return rotation and also brings the ratchet 17 into linewith pawl 18; but the ratchet-teeth are so faced that during this returnor backward rotation of the digit-piece the pawl will slip over saidteeth without engaging them. Consequently the return rotation is notinterfered with if the parts operate as intended. But suppose theoperator should attempt to depress the key before thedigit-piece hascompleted its return strokein other words, while the ratchet-teeth arestill in line with the pawl. The parts would then occupy the relationshown by the dotted lines, Fig. 3, with pin 13 in the groove at the leftand the ratchet in line with the dog 18; but now the ratchet is movingin the opposite direction to the one before when in line with the dog,for the digit-piece is now rotating in a forward instead of returndirection and the ratchetteeth are opposed to said dog. The result isthat' the digit-piece is immediately arrested and the operator is unableto depress the key until he has first let it rise sufficiently tocomplete the operation of the calculating parts.

I claim- 1. In actuating mechanism for calculatingmachines, a rotatableuniversal member rotating different amounts depending upon the value ofthe digit to be registered; a rotatable member for actuating the samesaid rotatable member being shiftable into and out of con nection withsaid universal member; means for shifting said shiftable rotatablemember into connection with said universal member; means for shiftingsaid shiftable rotatable member out of connection with said universalmember; and other means for meantime preventing the shifting of saidshiftable rotatable member.

2. In actuating mechanism for calculatingmachines, a rotatable universalmember rotating different amounts depending upon the value of the digitto be registered; a rotatable member for actuating the same saidrotatable member being shiftable into and out of connection with saiduniversal member; a cam for shifting said shiftable rotatable member outof connection with said universal member; a cam for shifting saidshiftable rotatable member into connection with said universal member;and other means for meantime preventing the shifting of said shiftablerotatable member.

3. In actuating mechanism for calculatingmachines, a rotatable universalmember rotating different amounts depending upon the value of the digitto be registered; a rotatable member for actuating the same, saidrotatable member being shiftable into and out of connection with theuniversal member; and a stationary member adapted to contact saidshiftable rotatable member for shifting it, one of said last two membershaving a pin or projection and the other having two cams remote fromeach other and adapted to contact said pin to shift said shiftablemember, the said member which bears the cams having means for preventingshifting during the intervals between the actions of the cams.

4:. In actuating mechanism for calculatingmachines, a rotatableuniversal member rotating different amounts depending upon the value ofthe digit to be registered; a rotatable member for actuating the -same,said rotatable member being shiftable into and out of connection withthe universal member; and a stationary member adapted to contact saidshiftable rotatable member for shifting it, one of said last two membershaving a pin or projection and the other having two cams remote fromeach other and adapted to contact said pin to shift said shiftablemember, the said member which bears the cams having a dividing-wallarranged between the same for preventing shifting during theintervalsbetween the actions of the cams.

5. In actuating mechanism for calculatingmaehines, a rotatable universalmember rotating different amounts depending upon the value of the digitto be registered; a shiftable digit-piece for actuating the same and aslotand-pin device for shifting said digit-piece into and out ofconnection with said universal member the slot being double, in part,for retaining the digit-piece for a time in each of its shiftedpositions.

6. In actuating mechanism for calculatingmachines, a rotatable universalmember rotating different amounts depending upon the value of the digitto be registered; a shiftable digit-piece for actuating the same, saiddigitpiece having two cams thereon at some distance from each other forshifting said digitpiece into and out of connection with said universalmember; and a stationary pin adapted to act upon said cams to shift thedigitpiece, said digit-piece also having a wall extending around itsperiphery almost from one cam to the other for preventing prematureshifting of the digit-piece.

7. In actuating mechanism for calculatingmachines, a rotatable universalmember rotating different amounts depending upon the value of the digitto be registered; a shiftable digit-piece for actuating the same; andmeans for controlling the lateral position of said shiftable rotatablemember said controlling means including two cam-surfaces oblique to theaxis of the shiftable rotatable member and a plurality of plane surfacesperpendicular to said axis, together with means for coacting with saidoblique and plane surfaces.

8. In a calculating-machine; a digit-pinion shaft for setting up thedigits; a series of digit-pinions fixed to said shaft;laterallyshiftable digit-pieces for operating said pinions; means forindependently rotating said digit-pieces; means for shifting saiddigitpieces laterally into and out of operative line with saiddigit-pinions to thereby drive said digit-pinions and shaft in onedirection only; and means for each digit-piece for preventing accidentalshifting thereof said preventing means comprising two coacting portionsone of which has a plurality of surfaces perpendicular to the axis ofthe digit-pieces.

9. In a calculating-machine; a digit-pinion shaft for setting up thedigits; a series of digit-pinions fixed to said shaft;laterallyshiftable digit-pieces for operating said pinions; means forindependently rotating said digit-pieces; means for shifting said digitpieces laterally into and out of operative line with said digit-pinionsto thereby drive said digit-pinions and shaft in one direction only, anda slot-and-pin device for each digit-piece for preventing accidentalshifting thereof, the slotted part having plane surfaces perpendicularto the axis of said digit-piece.

10. In actuating mechanism for calculatingmachines, a key-operatedtoothed driving-sector, a set of shiftable and rotatable digitpiecesoperated thereby, and having a wideface gear always in mesh with thedrivingsector irrespective of the lateral position of the latter; auniversal member, a set of digitpinions on said universal member one foreach digit-piece; a digit-sector on each digitpiece for driving saiddigit-pinions when in line therewith and leaving them still when not inline therewith; pins; cams on each digit-piece adapted to contact one ofsaid pins for shifting the respective digit-sector into and out of linewith its digit-pinion and a wall extending circumferentially on eachdigit-piece, part way from one cam to the other and adapted to contactsaid pin for preventing premature shifting of the digit-piece.

11. In actuating mechanism for calculatingmachines, a key-operatedtoothed driving-sector, a shiftable and rotatable digit-piece operatedthereby and having a wide face-gear always in mesh with thedriving-sector irrespective of the lateral position of the latter; adigit-pinion, a digit-sector on said digitpiece adapted to drive saiddigit-pinion when in line therewith and leaving it still when not inline therewith; a stationary pin; cams on said digitpiece adapted tocontact said pin for shifting the digit-sector into and out of line withsaid digit-pinion; a wall extending circumferentially on thedigit-piece, part way from one cam to the other and adapted to contactsaid wall for preventing premature shifting of the digit-sector, and twoother walls on said digit-piece one leading up to each of said cams,said last two walls being also adapted to contact said pin forpreventing excess shifting of the digit-piece.

12. In actuating mechanism for calculatingmachines a set ofindependently-rotatable and independently-shiftable digit-pieces eachhav ing two shifting-cams thereon with a dividing-wall between them; andstationary pins adapted to coact with said cams to effect the shiftingof the digit-pieces and to coact with said wall to prevent shifting ofthe digitpieces intermediate of the actions of the cams.

13. In combination, a rotatable universal member rotating differentamounts depending upon the value of the digit to be registered; areciprocatory digit-piece movable forward and backward for actuating thesame, said digit-piece being shiftable into and out of connection withsaid universal member; means for shifting said digit-piece, intoconnection with said universal member for the forward movement of thedigit-piece, and out of connection for the backward movement of thedigit-piece, and means for preventing the forward movement of saiddigit-piece when the latter is out of connection with said universalmember.

1 In combination, a rotatable universal member rotating differentamounts depending upon the value of the digit to be registered; adigit-piece rotatable backward and forward for actuating the same, saiddigit-piece being shiftable into and out of connection with saiduniversal member; means for shifting said digit-piece into connectionwith the universal member for the forward rotation of the digitpiece,and out of connection for the backward rotation of the digit-piece, andmeans for preventing the forward rotation of said digitpiece when thelatter is out of connection with said universal member.

15. In combination, a rotatable universal member rotating differentamounts depending upon the value of the digit to be registered; adigit-piece rotatable backward and forward for actuating the same, saiddigit-piece being shiftable into and out of connection with saiduniversal member; means for shifting said digit-piece into connectionwith the universal member for the forward rotation of the digitpiece,and out of connection for the backward rotation of the digit-piece, andmeans for preventing the forward rotation of said digitpiece, when thelatter is out of connection with said universal member.

16. In combination, a rotatable universal member rotating dilferentamounts depending upon the value of the digit to be registered; adigit-piece rotatable backward and forward for actuating the same, saiddigit-piece being shiftable into and out of connection with saiduniversal member; means for shifting said digit-piece into connectionwith the universal member for the forward rotation of the digitpiece,and out of connection for the backward rotation of the digit-piece, andmeans for preventing the forward rotation of said digitpicce when thelatter is out of connection with said universal member, said preventingmeans being rendered operative or non-operative by the digit-piece andbeing operative when the digit-piece is in one lateral position andnon-operative in the other lateral position substantially as described.

17. In combination, a rotatable universal member rotating differentamounts depending upon the value of the digit to be registered; adigit-piece rotatable backward and forward for actuating the same, saiddigit-piece being shiftable into and out of connection with saiduniversal member; means for shifting said digit-piece into connectionwith the universal member for the forward rotation of the digitpiece,and out of connection for the backward rotation of the digit-piece, anda ratchet-andpawl device for preventing the forward rotation of saiddigit-piece when the latter is out of connection with said universalmember.

18. In combination, a rotatable universal member rotating differentamounts depending upon the value of the digit to be registered; adigit-piece rotatable backward andforward for actuating the same, saiddigit-piece being shiftable into and out of connection with saiduniversal member; means for shifting said digit-piece into connectionwith the universal member for the forward rotation of the digitpiece,and out of connection for the backward rotation of the digit-piece, aratchet and a pawl for preventing the forward rotation of saiddigit-piece when the latter is out of connection with said universalmember, said ratchet and pawl being relatively shiftable for moving intoand out of the line of engagement.

19. In combination, a rotatable universal member rotating differentamounts depending upon the value of the digit to be registered; adigit-piece rotatable backward and forward for actuating the same, saiddigit-piece being shiftable into and out of connection with saiduniversal member; means for shifting said digit-piece into connectionwith the universal member for the forward rotation of the digitpiece,and out of connection for the backward rotation of the digit-piece; aratchet and a pawl for preventing the forward rotation of saiddigit-piece when the latter is out of connection with said universalmember, said ratchet being shiftable into and out of line with saidpawl.

20. In combination, a rotatable universal member rotating differentamounts depending upon the value of the digit to be registered; adigit-piece rotatable backward and forward for actuating the same, saiddigit-piece being shiftable into and out of connection with saiduniversal member; means for shifting said digit piece into connectionwith the universal member for the forward rotation of the digitpiece,and out of connection for the backward rotation of the digit-piece; aratchet and a pawl for preventing the forward rotation of saiddigit-piece when the latter is out of connection with said universalmember, said ratchet being mounted upon the digit-piece and beingshiftable therewith into and out of line with said pawl.

21. In combination, a rotatable universal member rotating differentamounts depending upon the value of the digit to be registered; adigit-piece rotatable backward and forward for actuating the same, saiddigit-piece being shiftable into and out of connection with saiduniversal member; means for shifting said digit-piece into connectionwith the universal member and out of connection for the backwardrotation of the digit-piece and a ratchet and pawl for preventing theforward rotation of said digit-piece when the latter is out ofconnection with said universal member, the pawl being laterally fixedand having a fixed pivot and the ratchet being on the digit-piece andshiftable therewith into and out of line with said pawl.

22. In actuating mechanism for calculatingmachines, a digit-piecerotatable backward and forward and shiftable so as to occupy twopositions laterally, said digit-piece being active when in one lateralposition and non-active in the other; and a ratchct-and-pawl device forpreventing rotation of said digit-piece when the same is in one of itstwo lateral positions, one part of the ratchet-and-pawl device being onsaid digit-piece and the other part being LOO stationary, and the partsof the ratchet-andpawl device being out of line with each other when thedigit-piece is on one lateral position, and in line with each other whenthe digitpiece is in the other lateral position, whereby the digit-piecemay freely rotate except in one direction when in one lateral position,for the purpose described.

23. In actuating mechanism for calculatingmachines, a digit-piece, apawl and a reciprocatory and shiftable ratchet operated by saiddigit-piece and connected thereto for arresting the movement thereof,said ratchet being shiftable into and out of line with said pawl anddesigned to move forward when out of line with said pawl and backwardwhen in line therewith, and the teeth of said ratchet being so faced asto engage said pawl only when said ratchet moves in a forward directionin line therewith.

24. In actuating mechanism for calculatingmachines, a digit-piecerotatable backward and forward and shiftable so as to occupy twopositions laterally, said digitpiece being active when in one lateralposition and non-active in the other; a pawl; and a ratchet shiftableinto and out of line with said pawl said ratchet being reciproeatorilymounted and operated by said digit-piece and connected thereto forpreventing the rotation thereof when the pawl is in engagement with saidratchet.

25. In actuating mechanism for calculatingmachines, a digit-piecerotatable back and forth and shiftable so as to occupy two positionslaterally, said digit-piece being active when in one lateral positionand non-active in the other; a pawl; and a ratchet mounted on said digitmember and shiftable therewith into and out of line with said pawl, saidratchet being adapted to arrest the digit-piece and being designed to beout of line with said pawl when said digit member is rotating forward,and in line with said pawl when said digitpiece is rotating backward,and the teeth of said ratchet being faced so as not to engage said pawlwhen said digit-piece is rotating backward, but to engage said pawl whensaid digit member is rotating forward.

26. In actuating mechanism for calculatingmaehines, a rotatableuniversal member rotating different amounts de 'iending upon the valueof the digit to be registered; a digitpiece rotatable forward andbackward for actuating the same, said digit-piece being shiftable intoand out of connection with said universal member; means for rotatingsaid digitpiece backward and forward; means for shift-- ing saiddigit-piece into connection with the universal member for the forwardrotation of said digit-piece and out of connection with said universalmember for the backward rotation of said digit-piece; means forpreventing the accidental shifting of said digit-piece; and means forpreventing the forward rotation of said digit-piece when the latter isout of connection with said universal member.

In witness whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name in the presence oftwo witnesses.

HYMAN ELI GOLDBERG.

Vitnesses:

HOWARD M. Cox, IN. IN. Pam.

